Yanis Hankaoui has begun his doctoral contract at LATTS under the supervision of Pascal Ughetto and co-supervision of Mathias Thura (University of Strasbourg, SAGE). His thesis topic is entitled: "The Army in the Digital Age: Contemporary Technologies and Transformations in Military Combat Activity through the Case of 'Battlefield Digitization'". Following on from action research conducted for the Command Doctrine and Training Center, this work will aim to understand the extent to which the digital transformation of infantry operational functions has contributed to reconfiguring combat practices (planning, maneuvering, etc.), the organization of combat formations at the tactical level (combined arms battlegroup/regiment – combined arms sub-battlegroup/companies – sections), and professional relationships.
With a master's degree in social history of the armed forces and internal security forces (Sorbonne University), his early work focused on the socio-historical origins of security management of migration, concentrating on innovations in public action practices and administrative organization (Yanis Hankaoui, Belgian Immigration and Migration in Nord-Pas-de-Calais: A Long Quiet River of Assimilation (1840-1890), Archives & Culture, 2022).
Eager to acquire analytical frameworks that would enable him to further his organizational study of public administrations responsible for internal and external security, and the actual work of the actors involved, he subsequently enrolled in the MACOR master's program: change management and sociology of human resources in his second year. In this context, he conducted action research on the changes in the roles of section leader (lieutenant) and unit commander (captain) in the infantry, brought about by the "digitization of the battlefield" (Information and Communication Technologies and Command: Junior infantry officers facing the digitization of the battlefield).
Alongside his university studies, from February 2022 to October 2023, he held successive positions the positions of research editor and research officer at the Command Doctrine and Training Center (CDEC), where his mission was to conduct, organize, and lead applied research in the social sciences (sociology, history, and political science) on the concept of moral forces, with a view to informing the Army's doctrinal thinking. He remains an associate researcher at the CDEC and an occasional internal trainer at the École de Guerre (director of dissertations for trainee officers).
Hélène Ducourant organized a round table discussion during the #4 financial inclusion meetings held by the CRESUS Foundation.
real estate developers remain key market players in urban production.
However, for the past two decades, giant developers have been growing by channeling However, over the past two decades, giant developers have grown by channeling
capital in search of investment opportunities. Two studies conducted in Brazil and Argentina shed light on the
factors behind this evolution in housing production structures and its effects on
urban spaces.
The Inventing Greater Paris seminar returns this year with an upcoming study day to be held on:
Tuesday, October 17, 2023 (9:00 a.m. to 6:30 p.m.) at the Paris-Belleville School of Architecture (Council Room) and will revisit:
Half a century of the ring road. 1973-2023
With contributions from Emmanuel Bellanger, Nathan Belval, Raphaële Bertho, Marion Émery, Mathieu Flonneau, Bernard Landau, Paul Lesieur, André Lortie, Patricia Pelloux, Nathalie Roseau, Cyrille Simonnet, Antoine Soulier-Thomazeau, Blanche Thirot, and Justinien Tribillon.
You can find the detailed program on the website: here
"Reinventing Them: Negotiated Urban Planning Put to the Test of Project-Based Industrialization A Situated Analysis of Professional Practices in Urban Development"
It will take place on Friday, October 6, 2023, starting at 2:00 p.m.
in the Bienvenüe building, located at 12 Boulevard Copernic in Champs-sur-Marne (Noisy-Champs stop on the RER A line). The defense will be held in rooms B017/B020.
Abstract
: This thesis in urban planning investigates a public policy instrument that encourages the transfer of public and semi-public land as an extension of negotiated urban planning approaches: calls for innovative urban projects (APUI). These consultations have been the subject of much debate in academic and professional circles in the field of urban planning, with some seeing them as a privatization of development and others as a breath of fresh air in professional practices.
This thesis highlights how, for their initiators, APUIs operate as instruments of remote governance despite a transfer of project management to real estate operators, with "innovation" helping to enlist urban professionals. They constitute an appropriate response to the contingencies of their initiators: the evolution of local government legitimization strategies, the reduction of local authorities' financial leeway, and the development of project-based approaches in contexts of fragmented governance. These consultations constitute an attempt to modernize urban public action—and, correlatively, public administrations. They temporarily reorient the logic of action of several professional worlds whose areas of activity interact with each other.
To analyze the work in progress, our analytical framework draws on different currents of sociological research: justification, translation, public action, management tools, and activity. Based on ethnographic research, we highlight the challenges resulting from the industrialization of the "project mode" and "innovation" on the activities of elected officials, local public officials, and project management assistants from the launch of consultations to the finalization of winning real estate projects: eventization and enlistment, coordination issues, juridification, and then managerialization of the public-private relationship. We highlight the essential role of artifacts in framing the activities of stakeholders. In doing so, we question the recomposition of the tools, know-how, and methods of operational urban planning in public initiatives.
These challenges provide us with broader insight into the evolution of the values promoted by urban development professionals. We highlight an increase in media and networking activity and a proliferation of intermediaries. These shifts call into question the meaning, resources, and place given to expertise in the management of the relationship between public and private actors in urban development.
Keywords
: CIFRE; Ethnography; Project management assistance; Greater Paris; Reinventing Paris; Call for projects; Call for innovative urban projects; Innovation; Land transfer; Public-private partnership; Negotiated urban planning; Urban planner.
Composition of the jury
Véronique Biau – State Architect-Urban Planner HDR, ENSA Paris-La Villette – LAVUE (rapporteur)
Alain Faure – Director of Research, CNRS – PACTE (rapporteur)
Corinne Delmas – Professor, Gustave Eiffel University – LATTS
Laurent Devisme – Professor, ENSA Nantes – LAAU
Silvère Tribout – Senior Lecturer, University of Rennes 2 – ESO
Guillaume Tiffon – Professor, University of Evry Paris-Saclay – Pierre Naville Center
Emilie Bajolet – Deputy Director of Consulting and Programming, AREP (guest member)
Elsa Vivant – Professor, Gustave Eiffel University – LATTS (thesis supervisor)
If you would like to attend the defense or receive practical information, please contact Yoann Pérès by email (yoann.peres@enpc.fr).
Thesis supervisor:
Thesis supervisor
Thesis supervisors:
Thesis supervisors: Pascal Ughetto and Jean-Christophe Le Coze
This research will focus on the interactions of prevention officers working in high-risk companies. Our analysis of their activities will be conducted from an organizational perspective, examining the relationship between headquarters and industrial sites or construction sites. As key players in safety, they carry out their activities in contexts marked by an increase in norms, standards, and processes and, therefore, by an increasingly strong bureaucracy (in the sociological sense), particularly in facilities classified for environmental protection (ICPE). The aim here is to examine how, in this highly regulated and bureaucratic environment, they can develop, implement, and promote a prevention and anticipation policy that combines both regulated and managed safety. In an increasingly regulated work environment, prevention specialists are seeing a rise in bureaucracy that tends to create a gap between occupational safety and operational safety in their work (Rae et al., 2019), which for some professionals can contribute to a certain "blues" in their practice (Le Coze, 2024). The tendency of organizations to attempt to regulate in advance and formally the multiple requirements they set for themselves or that are imposed on them (ambitious economic objectives, regulatory constraints, vigilance in the face of risks that now extend to cybersecurity) encourages the production of standards that raise the question of how they relate to specific site situations. How can they be reconciled with site-specific contexts? How can we arbitrate between central standards and the constraints and challenges of sites as preventers? Our subject places us at the crossroads of several types of classic contributions from sociology and the social sciences more generally: the analysis of organizations, their dynamics, and in particular the relationships between actors; the analysis of activity; and the analysis of job dynamics and professional identities. We will situate our approach at this intersection, linking the investigation to an analysis of the activity of prevention professionals in a multidisciplinary field marked by safety science (Le Coze, 2019). The company chosen as the field of investigation is a high-risk industry. Appropriately for the subject of the thesis and our research question, it has implemented a reorganization with the aim, among other things, of decentralizing the activities of its prevention specialists from headquarters in order to bring them closer to the sites. This organizational change provides a particularly suitable context for understanding what is at stake in the profession of prevention specialist from the point of view of interactions between headquarters and sites. It also has the advantage of potentially revealing the transformations that will take place in terms of representations of their practice and the profession more generally, as well as the construction and application of rules. Having access to a structure in flux and following it through an ethnographic approach also means seeing how the creation of safety may evolve. This will be an opportunity to ask whether this decentralization has enabled a new type of structuring that allows for the creation of places for exchange and spaces for communication in order to pool the information to be reported to headquarters. We can ask whether prevention officers have taken advantage of this change to influence standards (Gherardi, 2019). We can observe whether other tools or spaces have been deployed to disseminate information in a uniform manner to sites with very different characteristics.
Keywords: Prevention specialist, Safety, Interaction, Activity, Sociology, Bureaucracy
The making of safety: safety professionals' interactions between headquarters and production sites
This research will focus on the interactions of safety professionals working in high-risk companies. Our analysis of their activities will be carried out from an organizational perspective, focusing on the organization of relations between headquarters and industrial sites or worksites. As key players in the field of safety, they carry out their activities in contexts marked by an increase in norms, standards, and processes and a growing bureaucracy (in a sociological sense), particularly in "installations classées pour la protection de l'environnement" (ICPE). In this highly regulated and bureaucratic environment, we will look at how they can build, deploy, and lead a prevention and anticipation policy that combines regulated and managed safety. In an increasingly regulated work environment, safety professionals see a rise in bureaucracy that tends to create a gap in their activity between "safety of work" and "operational safety" (Rae et al., 2019), which for some professionals can contribute to the reinforcement of a certain "blues" in their practice (Le Coze, 2024). The tendency for organizations to attempt to formally regulate, in advance, the multiple requirements they set themselves or which are imposed on them (ambitious economic objectives, regulatory constraints, vigilance in the face of risks now extending to include cybersecurity) encourages the production of standards, which raises the question of how they can be reconciled with site-specific situations. How can standards be reconciled with site-specific contexts? How can we arbitrate between central standards and site-specific constraints and issues? Our subject places us at the crossroads of several types of classic contributions from sociology, and social sciences more generally: analysis of organizations, their dynamics and in particular relations between professionals, analysis of activity, analysis of job dynamics and professional identities. We will situate our approach at this crossroads, linking the survey to an analysis of the activity of safety professionals in a multidisciplinary field marked by safety science (Le Coze, 2019). The company chosen as our field of investigation is a high-risk industry. It has implemented a reorganization with a main aim of decentralizing the activities of its head office safety professionals to bring them closer to the production sites. This organizational change is particularly well-suited to understanding the interactions between headquarters and sites in the safety profession. It also has the advantage of potentially revealing the transformations that will take place in terms of representations of their practice and the profession more generally, as well as the construction and application of rules. Having access to a structure in motion and following it through an ethnographic approach also means seeing how the manufacture of safety can be made to evolve. This will provide an opportunity to ask whether this decentralization has led to a new type of structuring, allowing for the creation of exchange point(s) and communication space(s), so as to pool the information to be passed on to head office. We might ask whether prevention specialists have taken advantage of this change to influence standards (Gherardi, 2019). We can also observe whether other tools or space(s) have been deployed to disseminate information in a uniform way to sites with very different characteristics.
Keywords: Safety professionals, Safety, Interaction, Activity, Sociology, Bureaucracy
Year of enrollment: 2024
Doctoral school: Organizations, Markets, Institutions (OMI)
Thesis supervisors: Jonathan Rutherford and Martine Drozdz
My thesis project explores the history of seven public housing towers located along the Paris ring road, from Porte Pouchet to Porte des Poissonniers. Architect Raymond Lopez designed these towers in the 1960s as part of a joint urban initiative, Sector 8, using the same architectural prototype for all seven buildings. However, these initial similarities are overshadowed by a striking disparity in the fate of Lopez's towers in the 60 years since their construction. Some have been demolished, others transformed and rehabilitated. Currently, the Poissonniers Tower, which was initially threatened with demolition, is undergoing renovation. The disparate fates of the seven towers reveal the story of a remarkable paradigm shift in the urban renewal sector, replacing the old paradigm of demolishing social housing with that of transformation. This thesis explores this change by examining how architecture, urban planning, and local politics have been articulated in resolving an issue with such significant social and ecological impact.
My research project will focus on studying the correlation between the development of new social housing transformation programs with strong ecological ambitions and the obsolescence of different parts of the building as well as its maintenance protocols. The study takes the seven Lopez towers as a case study to trace the paradigm shift from demolition to transformation. To analyze this, the project combines a more traditional political study of changes in the instruments used for the production and management of social housing with a micro-analysis of the different parts of these seven towers in their physical dimension. This micro-analysis uses a socio-technical approach to study the interaction between the technical construction choices of the different elements of the tower and the evolution of daily life inside the buildings. More specifically, the study will delve into the concept of obsolescence of elements and analyze the maintenance practices of the towers.
The study aims to trace, from the smallest generic cleaning practice to a large-scale cultural change in the management of 20th-century built heritage, the role of architecture, and therefore architects, in this change. The study approaches ecological transitions as a process that must be studied not only from the perspective of belief in innovation, but also through analysis of the impact on everyday practices.
One chapter of this thesis will compare this change of direction for the Tour des Poissonniers, initially destined for demolition but which avoided it, with Corviale, a residential complex in Rome that suffered the same fate and is currently undergoing transformation with NGEU funding. The conclusions of this thesis aim not only to trace the change of direction in the French context, but also to extend it to the European context, thus contributing to a comparative socio-history of the historical production of social housing in Europe, the role of architecture, and a continental response to climate change. This ambition is in line with a personal journey between different countries and with the conviction, through the combination of architecture and political science, that the intersection of disciplines can open up new avenues in the transition of our urban environments.
[1] European funding program – Next Generations EU
Year of enrollment: 2023
Doctoral School: City, Transport, and Territories (VTT)
The panels are composed of members of the URBAN-REV POLITICS research team, who will engage in dialogue with specialists in urban studies.
The day includes four round tables on topics related to the globalization of real estate markets, financialization, and speculative urban planning.
The event is open to the public, with no prior registration required.
Location: Bienvenüe Building, rooms B015 and B019, 12 boulevard Copernic, 77455 Marne la Vallée
Thesis supervisor: Alexandre Mathieu-Fritz
Various studies have shown that the physical nature of money contributes to its social significance. The digitization of financial services has led young adults to adopt digital methods of storing, managing, and paying with money. These new forms of financial services are emerging alongside new methods of bank fraud, which are claiming an increasing number of victims. It is in this context of payment digitization that this research on young people and their money-related practices is being conducted. This segment of the population, marked by various changes in social and professional status, is considered more tech-savvy than others and is believed to be one of the driving forces behind the spread of new forms of technological culture. The aim of the thesis is to describe and examine young people's digital practices in terms of household accounting, payment, and saving. It will look at how they use technical devices to access money, how these uses fit into their life trajectories, and what risks are associated with the digitization of banking services.
Year of enrollment: 2022
Doctoral school: Organizations, Markets, Institutions (OMI)